In the Timaeus, Plato proposed the presence of fibers “scattered about in the blood. Key words: anticoagulants, anticoagulation, heparin, LMWH, warfarin These agents tend to have more stable and predictable pharmacokinetics than the older anticoagulants, but they are also more expensive. Examples of newer anticoagulants are the synthetic heparin derivatives, the direct thrombin inhibitors, and the factor Xa inhibitors. Unfractionated heparin and usually do not require monitoring, although their use is restricted in patients with renal failure and they have questionable reversibility. Low molecular weight heparins pose less of a bleeding risk than
Advantages of these agents include their low cost and ready reversibility of anticoagulant effect however, their major drawbacks are an increased risk of major bleeding and the need for monitoring. ABSTRACT: Heparin and warfarin have been mainstays of anticoagulation for decades.
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